Economics Basics: Part 3 : FOREX FLUCTUATION CRISIS

Dear all, as explained in the last post (http://sscprep.blogspot.in/2012/09/economics-basics-part-2-rupee-vs-dollar.html) the fluctuation of currency with respect to foreign currency has deep and profound effect on the economy of a country. I would explain it by certain recent examples as we experienced.

Appreciation of Home Currency Against Foreign Currency

Now, as you know appreciation causes the currency to be dearer and expensive. If home currency in our case its rupee appreciates against foreign say dollar then what would it have effect on two important entities:

Let current dollar price is 1$=50 rupees

1. On exporters: Exporters export their lot in dollars. Say I export 1 kg of my material at 1$. I am earning 50 rupees after selling my lot. Now say rupee appreciates against dollar thus 1 dollar would buy less rupee. Say now  1$ = Rs45 after appreciation of rupee. If I sell my lot after appreciation of  rupee I am losing 5 Rs. had it not appreciated. And thus my profit margin has decreased if I incur same amount of cost in procuring that material.

Thus, appreciation of currency causes loss to exporters. Thus appreciation of rupee causes loss to TCS, Infosys that outsource and thus technically export services.  

2. On Importers: Importers import their lot and pay money in forign currency generally dollar. Say I am importing 1 Litre of crude oil at 1$. I am paying 50 rupees for a litre. Now if Rupee appreciates then I am paying 45 rupees and not 50. Thus I am saving Rs. 5. This would increase my profit margin if I sell the material in India at same price as before.

Thus, appreciation of currency gives profit to importers.Thus appreciation of rupee gives respite to Oil Marketing companies like IOCL,GAIL etc.

Depreciation of Home Currency Against Foreign Currency

Now, as you know Depreciation causes the currency to become cheaper. If home currency in our case its rupee depreciates against foreign say dollar then what would it have effect on two important entities:

Let current dollar price is 1$=50 rupees

1. On exporters: Exporters export their lot in dollars. Say I export 1 kg of my material at 1$. I am earning 50 rupees after selling my lot. Now say rupee depreciates against dollar that is becomes cheaper and thus 1 dollar would buy more rupee. Say now  1$ = Rs55 after depreciation of rupee. If I sell my lot after Depreciation of rupee I am gaining 5 Rs. And thus my profit margin has increased if I incur same amount of cost in procuring that material.

Thus, depreciation of currency benefits exporters. Thus Depreciation of rupee causes benefit to TCS, Infosys that outsource and thus technically export services.  

2. On Importers: Importers import their lot and pay money in foreign currency generally dollar. Say I am importing 1 Litre of crude oil at 1$. I am paying 50 rupees for a litre. Now if Rupee depreciates then I am paying 55 rupees and not 50. Thus I am losing Rs. 5. This would decrease my profit margin if I sell the material in India at same price as before.

Thus, Depreciation of currency makes losses to importers. Thus, depreciation of rupee gives troubles to Oil Marketing companies like IOCL,GAIL etc.

This explains even when the price of crude oil was decreasing still the oil companies were making loss as they were selling oil at subsidized rates but giving more money in terms of rupee thus making losses.

Economics Basics: Part 2 : Rupee Vs Dollar

There, there. Petrol prices are going to come down by 1 or 2 rupees. That's good isn't it. But have you ever wondered why there is so much fluctuation in the price of the petroleum products. Well, simple reason as i discussed in last post (http://sscprep.blogspot.in/2012/09/economics-concepts-basics-part-1.html) its the same demand supply imbalance. As demand decreases price decreases and vice-versa is also true. Similarly if supply increases price goes down while it goes up if supply decreases. Common example the vegetables like carrot, fruits like mango which are cheap in winter and summer respectively and although you can get them anytime in the year their prices are higher on other occasions as supply is very little.

Applying this concept on currency, the higher the demand for any currency more expensive and dearer would it become and the lower the demand more cheap it will be. Thus when people start asking for Dollars it becomes dearer and rupee goes down and if demand for rupee is high the rupee would rally against dollar as dollar is not in demand.

Appreciation of currency: It means that the currency is in demand and thus would be dearer and expensive.So, if rupee appreciates against dollar that means rupee has increased and thus there would be less rupee in 1 dollar.

Depreciation of currency: It means that currency is losing and is not in much demand thus is cheaper. SO, if rupee depreciates against dollar it means now 1 dollar would buy you more rupees.

Lets take a simple example. Let today 1$ = Rs. 50.

Case 1 :Now if rupee appreciates by 1% it means that rupee has gained and thus dollar would be cheaper and hence it would buy less no. of rupees i.e. 1% less. So now 1$ =Rs. 49.50

Case 2 :Now if rupee depreciates by 1% it means rupee lost and thus 1 $ would buy more rupees i.e. 1% more. So now 1$ = Rs. 50.5

Same can happen with any currency, and thus the rates of exchange are based on the demand for that currency in that market. Now $ is generally used as standard as it is the most respected currency and is one of the most stable. Although now China is influencing other BRICS to use their own currency in business.

In next article I would discuss effect of this fluctuation on Indian economy and Oil companies.

Economics Concepts : BASICS Part 1

This post deals with the basic economic concepts asked in GK or interviews. This is the basic thing that everybody should know. I would update it with other things provided you suggest me what to add or what you want to know?

First of all the father of economics and microeconomics is Adam smith, while father of macroeconomics is John M. Keynes.

Now, I would give you a view of a basic curve in economics commonly known as supply demand curve.

Here the downward sloping  curve represents the demand curve, while the upward going curve is supply curve.

Demand curve: As follows from the graph at high price quantity demanded is low and as price decreases quantity demanded is increased. Thus demand increases with lowering of price.

Supply Curve : it represents the supply at particular point price.

The equilibrium is attained by the point where supply and demand equate themselves i.e. where they intersect. This price point is fixed as the price of the item and the quantity at this point price is called economic quantity.

Now since supply generally remains constant the demand drives the price if demand is increased the demand curve shifts upwards as you demand more at any price point. Thus it would shift upward and hit supply curve at upper point thus price is increased. If demand is lessened then it shifts downwards and price of item decreases.

In next post i would discuss appreciation of currency and downslide of rupee against dollar which is most expected question this year for interviews.

Nexavar - A Case for Patented products

As, I discussed about Patents in my last post, http://sscprep.blogspot.in/2012/09/patent-vs-copyrights.html  a new event took place in Mar 2012 and I presume it would be a hot selling cake in coming exams of FCI, CHSL in the GK section. This event was announcement by NATCO to produce the generic of Nexavar a patented drug of Bayer Pharmaceuticals. 

For new guys Generic drugs means the me too drugs produced by the companies that have same components and their composition as in the parent drug but are manufactured by the different companies who had no role in developing it. Since parent drug is formed after nearly 20-25 years of research the companies to extract the cost they incurred and to get profit, get patents which disallows any other company to produce that drug. After the expiry of patent this drug comes in public domain and other manufacturers can produce that drug. Since nearly all raw material is same the generic drugs are a perfect substitute for the patented drugs. Moreover they cost nearly 1/100 times of original drug.

What Happened in this case

In a first-of-its-kind move, a government agency has invoked the compulsory licensing (CL) provision of the Patents Act to allow Hyderabad-based Natco Pharma to sell its generic version of German multinational Bayer’s patent-protected cancer medicine, Nexavar (sorafenib tosylate), at a fraction of the cost of the latter drug in India.

Repercussion

This is likely to prove controversial, since almost 90 per cent of all patent-protected pharmaceutical products are imported. This will thwart the plans of foreign drug giants. although this will prove to be a relief for the poor population of India as they would get the medicine at nearly 120 Rs. for which they had to give nearly 10000

Patent Vs Copyrights

While writing previous post I used many sites and of course, I have given credit to them still, I pondered upon the thought that what if I had used the material without citing them. This happens many a times in our Indian cinema and we better know it as Plagiarism. 

More recently Apple sued Samsung in US for adopting similar physical attributes and hardware.
Click for more

What can a person do when his material/work is used by other without his prior permission.

On this context were built two important concepts and laws on Intellectual Property Rights and is governed by WIPO (World Intellectual Property Organisation) that grants the patents:

1. Patents

2. Copyrights

3. Trademarks (will discuss it later)

Lets understand it in simple terms. While patents are usually on material, process and object the copyrights are associated with publications, books, music etc. Let’s delve ourselves deep into the world of copyrights and Patents

Patent 

A patent for an invention is the grant of a property right to the inventor, issued by the Patent and Trademark Office. The term of a new patent is 20 years from the date on which the application for the patent was filed.

Copyright

Copyright is a form of protection provided to the authors of "original works of authorship" including literary, dramatic, musical, artistic, and certain other intellectual works, both published and unpublished.

Copyright versus patent

The common view on copyright versus patenting is that copyright protects the expression of an idea, while a patent protects the idea itself.

Thus a same story told by different people in different expression or say using same idea but different dialogues would not infringe copyright, but an invention like Android platform can’t be duplicated as its patented. Similarly applications on android and apple are copyrighted not patented as you can have two different calculators showing same answer using same coding but as a whole the expression is different.

Source:http://homepages.cwi.nl/~paulk/patents/invention/node9.html

http://www.lawmart.com/forms/difference.htm

1G, 2G , 3G, 4G how many G

 2G scam was of about 24000 crores. Reallocation gave revenue of near about 14000 cr to GOI. But what is this 2G, 3G etc. I would try to explain it in layman's term. First of all G here denotes Generation. Generation of the telephony services. Now who sets the directions and guidelines for the generations. It is done by ITU or international telecommunication union.

I would just enumerate the basic differences over here between these different generations:

In simple  words1. 1G was to send voice one way, 2G for text and voice 2 way,2.5 G used GPRS and thus Data also used to be sent by this, 3G basically for data, video along with audio and 4G would be able to send any form of data2.The speed of sending data has increased with each generation with 4G boasting up of data transfer rate of above 100mbps .3. The next thing that separates all the generations is the frequency over which they work. For 1G its 150MhZ analog, from 2G onwards its digital, with 2 G operating at 900 and 1800MHz popularly known as bands, 3G working on above 2000MHz bands and 4G working at variable frequencies.

This chart would provide the basic structure of  different generations of telephony.I will discuss CDMA GSM and difference between them in other post. Along with it my next focus would be on 4G also as it was recently in news

Source: http://bpastudio.csudh.edu/fac/lpress/471/hout/3G.htm

http://www.coolpctips.com/2011/03/mobile-generations-1g-to-4g/

Grammar-1 (Spell Check)

I still remember when in my primary class I wrote this word as Grammer in my dictation test and lost one mark. I was still adamant about this word to my teacher and didn't believe him till I saw this word with my eyes. I was so complacent about my dictation that I couldn't differentiate between the sound of "ar" from "er". Anyways its now clear that the word is GRAMMAR and not Grammer. The only intention of mine to give you all this story (crap as would be called up by many) that don't spell the word just on its phonetics.

Anyways there are many words in which i fumbled up. Sharing with you some of those. If you are confident enough you may well leave this post.

1. Skilful and not skilfull. Although note that american english spells it as skillful. But we are following Britain's
education structure. So Skilful is good.

2. Innocuous and not Innoccuous

3. Vacuum and not Vaccum or Vaccuum

4. Exhilarate and not exhilerate or exhillarate.

Test for you

Test yourself if you are able to distinguish whether word is spelled right or wrong. (answer in next post)

1. Appraisel
2 Addressed
3. Amature
4.Receipt
5.Commisary
6.Commitee
7.Restuarant
8.Forty
9.Exagerate
10.Zealeot  

Trigonometric formulas

I am attaching herewith a simple chart of trigonometric formulas. It would be useful for last minute revision. For non math background people it would be slightly difficult to mug up these formulas but it would be in your interest if you start working on these formulas now and add up this with questions.

FDI In retail

FDI In Retail

In the past few weeks we have seen so much of hue and cry over FDI. But what is the actual effect of FDI on India. Would it help Indian farmers, Indian Customers or would it again make India a subordinate country to Western Countries? I would like to give my viewpoint on this. As a starting point I would start by explaining the meaning of FDI. FDI refers to the Foreign Direct Investment or the investment done by the companies of foreign origin by directly engaging in the manufacturing/services industry. While FII or Foreign Institutional Investors engage in the investment only in the stock market and thus don't engage themselves in the economic activities of a country directly. Thus FDI is actually a more permanent way of earning foreign currency as FIIs can easily pull back their money anyday.

FDI Policy with Regard to Retailing in India

It will be prudent to look into sector specific guidelines for FDI with regard to the conduct of trading activities up till now:

a)      FDI up to 100% for cash and carry wholesale trading and export trading allowed under the automatic route.

b)      FDI up to 51 % with prior Government approval (i.e. FIPB) for retail trade of ‘Single Brand’ products.

c)      FDI is not permitted in Multi Brand Retailing in India.

FDI Policy After 2012

a) For cash and carry wholesale 100%

b) For Single brand retail 100% FDI

c) For Multi brand retail 51% FDI

CONS

v   It will lead to closure of tens of thousands of mom-and-pop shops across the country and endanger livelihood of 40 million people

v   It may bring down prices initially, but fuel inflation once multinational companies get a stronghold in the retail market

v   Farmers may be given remunerative prices initially, but eventually they will be at the mercy of big retailers

v   Small and medium enterprises will become victims of predatory pricing policies of multinational retailers

v   It will disintegrate established supply chains by encouraging monopolies of global retailers

PROS

v   It will cut intermediaries between farmers and the retailers, thereby helping them get more money for their produce

                                             

v  It will help in bringing down prices at retail level and calm inflation

v  Big retail chains will invest in supply chains which will reduce wastage, estimated at 40 percent in the case of fruits and vegetables

v   Small and medium enterprises will have a bigger market, along with better technology and branding

v  It will bring much-needed foreign investment into the country, along with technology and global best-practices

v  It will actually create employment than displace people engaged in small stores

It will induce better competition in the market, thus benefiting both producers and consumers

 My views

    Being a MBA student and considering the necessity of globalization, I feel it would be in our country's interest to participate in global economy by opening the doors for MNCs. But in no way this should be absolutely free as we all know whatever good the companies do for us their loyalty lies to their profit and their own country. In this context we can learn from China which has opened the door for MNCs but has actually  put on some restrictions on them.

      

   The farming crisis in Thailand, Myanmar and Brazil should not be repeated in our country. Contract farming the main evil should be rationalized.If we allow big retailers to take over retail segment without proper regulations and fair competition then the larger amount of money will be concentrated with few business houses leading to poverty.

     

     FDI should be allowed there is no need of blanket ban on it, but with appropriate safeguards for strengthening economy and by fixing the responsibility and making the MNCs and their governments answerable to their deeds. 

I

2012 Assam Violence

In July 2012 the Indian state of Assam saw outbreaks of riots between indigenous Bodos and migrants of Bangladeshi origin. The first incident was reported to have taken place on 20 July 2012.The violence and exodus of thousands of people from North East reportedly led to a series of incessant protests in Assam, at multiple locations, during the months of August-September. The protesters' main demand was expeditious detection and deportation of illegal infiltrators from Assam.

Reason

This violent outbreak follows ethnic tensions between the indigenous Bodo community and Muslims immigrants from Bangladesh who settled in Assam. While the Muslim community state that they are descendants of East Bengali Muslims brought to Assam during the British Raj, local communities allege that the Muslim population has increased, boosted by refugees from the erstwhile East Pakistan prior to the 1971 Indo-Pakistani War and by subsequent illegal migrants from Bangladesh.By the mid-1970s, increased competition for livelihood, land and political power led to frequent incidents of violence, including the Nellie massacre after the controversial 1983 State elections, which left nearly 3,000 dead, and other large scale clashes. These incidents resulted in resentment directed at India's central government, not only from Bodos, Rabhas, Tiwas, and other indigenous tribes-people for failing to prevent illegal migration, but also from the indigenous Assamese Muslim community for failing to protect the rights of minorities.

Aftermaths

1. MUMBAI: On 11 August 2012, a Muslim protest against the riots in Assam and attacks on Muslims in Burma was held at Azad Maidan in Mumbai. The protest was organised by Raza Academy, and was attended by two other groups, Sunni Jamaitul Ulma and Jamate Raza-e-Mustafa. It ended in violence; two were killed and 54 others injured, including 45 policemen.

2. Attacks on people from North East. Exodus

30,000 people from North East India have fled Bangalore after attacks and threats of more attacks to come after Ramzan (Ramadan). Shiyeto from Nagaland, resident of Bangalore, was attacked by a group of people who threatened to kill him if he did not leave the city before Ramzan which is on August 20.Cities of Pune, Chennai and Hyderabad also witnessed an exodus of people from the North East. In the national capital Delhi, rumours that people from the North-East will be targeted, particularly after Ramzan, have started circulating

Read whole article here

WORD POWER MADE EASY APP

The following link would allow you to download this app. just extract it and run the app and you are ready to go. The only disadvantage being it just give meanings and doesn't explain their origin but it is good for revision. Explore the options and keep looking more on this blog.

Click me for Download Site

English Vocabulary-1

The interesting thing about English is that it is not our mother tongue and so we take it as totally alien. Although like Hindi it has some interesting facts, like you can enhance your vocabulary if you start looking for the roots of the word. This study of root of words is known as etymology. I will update this section with Vocab exercises by root method. The best book for this is Word Power Made easy by N. Lewis. I would try to make concise notes for this book over here.

"ALT"

This comes from the latin word altis which means others. Considering the word root I can enumerate words which have a feeling of others in them.

1. Alternate - means other way difeerent from the one given as in alternate solution.
2. Altercation- brings the meaning when i don't agree with the other and thus we have an argument this           is altercation
3.Alteration- Changing into something other.


Now consider your hands- one is right another is left. Words have been bulit on their figurative meaning

"Dexter"

This is a latin word that means right hand, and generally speaking right hand is the working hand, thus word represents skill/work.

1. Dexterous - It refers to person with skill/skilful
2. Dexterity - Skill
3. Ambidextrous- who can use both hands to work since ambi means both


Awkwardness- We still understand left handers to be slightly odd or say its awkward i.e. uncommon
Sinister- 
This is a latin word for left hand and literally translates to dangerous, evil and threatening

French Connection

The word right hand is written in French as droit. We will use it to form new words.

1. Droit: Means right or as expalined above skill
2. Adroit: With droit i.e. skilful but here in terms of mental skill i.e adroit person is quick witted, sharp

The word left hand is written in French as Gauche. Those who had chemistry in 10+2 would know that it means skewed. As Explained above left means awkward.So Gauche means, skewed/odd/Clumsy(difficult to use).
When I say Gauche remark I mean odd remark without any point or tactless.

1. Gauche- Tactless, Clumsy, Odd, Awkward
2. Gaucherie- Pointless or awkward in a embarrassing way.

above words mentioned also act as antonym to each other. While Adroitness is skilful, gaucherie is without skill or finesse.

LCM and HCF

This chapter deals with finding the lowest common multiple and Highest Common factor for n numbers.

Importance: This chapter although simple regularly is selected by SSC in the exams and has a weightage of about 2 questions per 100. I would frequently add the questions and thus it would be a nice and complete compendium for preparation.

HCF

This refers to the highest common factor that is actually the common factor of n no. and the highest amongst them so that the numbers are completely divisible by them. Also known as Greatest Common Divisor.

The method explained above is prime factorization method.However, there is another method that is division method


8|12| 1
    8
------
     4|  8 |2
          8
        ----
          0

Thus 4 is the divisor that completely divides both 8 and 12 and thus is the highest common factor.


This analysis however shows one more thing the subtraction of the two no. i.e. 12 and 8 is 4 i.e the HCF. Thus it can be deduced that subtraction of the two no. would  give a multiple of the HCF or the HCF itself.

Now how to determine HCF quickly for three no.

Find the H.C.F. of 72, 126 and 270.

Solution

Using Prime factorisation method
    72 = 2×2×2×3×3 = 2³×3²
  126 = 2×3×3×7 = 2¹×3²×7¹
  270 = 2×3×3×3×5 = 2¹×3³×5¹
H.C.F. of the given numbers = the product of common factors with least index
  = 2¹×3² = 2×3×3 = 18

Using Division method
First find H.C.F. of 72 and 126
72|126|1
      72       
       54| 72|1         
            54  
             18| 54| 3
                  54
                   0 

 H.C.F. of 72 and 126 = 18
Similarly calculate H.C.F. of 18 and 270 as 18
Hence H.C.F. of the given three numbers = 18

Method of difference for above question

No. are 72 126 and 270
now 126-72= 54 and 270-126=144 and 270-72=198
consider the lowest 2 that is 54 and 144. Identify the HCF for them by subtraction method. Subtraction gives=144-54=90.
This must be the multiple of HCF now submultiple could be 1,2,5,9,10,18 and highest is 18 thus HCF is 18

Practice this method and you would be able to find the HCF quickly

SSC VIEW OF HCF

After this basic view I would move on to the basic questions asked in SSC based on HCF. It is requested to the readers(if any) to please post the questions related to HCF in comments section and i would update them over here so that it would benefit everybody. In this way I would be able to cover your doubts as well as you would contribute to enlarge this compendium.

Q1. What is the greatest number that will divide 2400 and 1810 and leave remainders 6 and 4 respectively?

Ans. Here the no. would have been completely divisible by that greatest number if there had been no remainder. thus the nos. that are completely divisible by the number we have gto find are: 2400-6=2394 and 1810-4=1806.
Now the greatest no. that would divide 2394 and 1806 both would be its HCF.
Thus 2394-1806=588
=1806-3*588=1806-1764=42.

You can also get this by division method.


Practice Question
Q2. What is the greatest number that would divide 38,45,52 ad leave remainders as 2,3, 4 respectively?     [ 6 ]


Q3. Find the greatest number which is such that when 76,151 and 226 are divided by it the remainders are all alike. Also find the common remainder?

Ans. In these type of questions, you must know that subtraction of two numbers give a multiple of HCF. Now let the common remainder for all be k so the numbers 76-k,151-k,256-k are exactly divisible by the required greatest number.

Now as we know, the subtraction of two numbers would give a multiple of hcf
so, 151-k-(76-k)=75,256-k-(151-k)=75,and 256-k-(76-k)=150 are multiples of required number. The HCF of these numbers 75,75 and 150 is 75.
and the common remainder would be 76/75=151/75=226/75=1








Continued..................

General Knowledge

This corresponds to a 50 marks subject in SSC CGL. Although innocuous looking, its a subject that sometimes makes or break the deals. There are many sites which currently offer the GK section. As a quick guide I would enumerate the basic sites and resources one should look for to understand and holding the grasp of the subject.

1. www.gktoday.in this is a basic site on which both static as well as current affairs could be accessed. Just check through the right side columns and go through the links for politics,history,geography. Better you subscribe to it. I would update this section whenever I come across a new thing.

2. Lucent GK can also prove beneficial to the candidates. But better you start it just 2-3 months prior to  examination. In this way you can be up-to-date with current GK and would be able to retain it till the exam.

3.Any one national Daily Newspaper, editorials can be subscribed.

4. Wikipedia- I would update any news that can be important in this respect.

Mathematics

Whole numbers, decimals ,fractions and relationships between numbers, Percentage. Ratio & Proportion,Square roots, Averages, Interest, Profit and Loss, Discount, Partnership Business, Mixture and Alligation, Time and distance, Time & Work, Basic algebraic identities of School Algebra  & Elementary surds, Graphs of Linear Equations, Triangle and its various kinds of centres, Congruence and similarity of triangles, Circle and its chords, tangents, angles subtended by chords of a circle, common tangents to two  or more circles, Triangle, Quadrilaterals, Regular Polygons , Circle, Right Prism, Right Circular Cone, Right Circular Cylinder, Sphere, Hemispheres, Rectangular Parallelopiped, Regular Right Pyramid with triangular or square base, Trigonometric ratio, Degree and Radian Measures, Standard Identities, Complementary angles, Heights and Distances, Histogram, Frequency polygon, Bar diagram & Pie chart  

Exams from SSC

SSC has been conducting examinations for the Group B and Group C exams. Also, MTS examinations are also being held up by SSC. My main focus would be on CGL which is the most popular examination of SSC. Moreover the syllabus and level of toughness of SSC CGL surpasses nearly all exams and thus other exams like DP(SI), SSC-CPO,FCI etc. could be easily dealt with the preparation of SSC CGL.

With this blog I would like to cover each and every topic that is generally asked in the examination. Since this would be a nearly year long exercise, I hope that you all would take this site as a supplement to your studies.

Exam Pattern for SSC-CGL

The exam is conducted in three tiers.

Tier 1 : This is the pre stage. Out of the total candidates nearly 1/10 are selected through this exam. The exam consists of four sections.

	Questions	Marks
Quantitative Aptitude/Arithmetical Ability	50	50
General English & Comprehension	50	50
General Reasoning	50	50
General Awareness	50	50
	200	200

Tier 2 : This is a mains stage where again the 1/10 of the left students are selected. that is a probability of 0.01. This exam consists of two/three(in case of statistical investigator) exams of following subjects:

1. Arithmetical ability         100 qns.         200 marks
2. Genral English               200 qns.          200 marks

Tier 3: Interview      100 marks

Introduction

Hi guys, many of us are trying to succeed to fetch up the government jobs filled through SSC. This blog would more or less help you to guide how to achieve that. I will help you to know more about the SSC jobs, Exam Pattern, Important topics. Although the onus of gathering more information lies on you still, this guide would be able to direct your energy in a focused way.